Main Characteristics

The Olive Baboon is one of the largest baboons, with the males being larger than the females. Their body length is 60 - 86 cms (20 - 34 inches), their tail length is 41 - 58 CMS (16 - 23 inches) and they weigh between 22 and 37 Kgs (49 - 82 lbs). There is some geographical variation in average size.

They have an olive green/grey coat that covers their bodies and a black face. The males have a mane of hair starting at their head going around their shoulders and gradually shortening towards their back. Males also have large canine teeth where as the teeth of females are much smaller. They move around on all four limbs (quadrupedally).

Habitat

Olive Baboons have the largest range of all baboons. They inhabit savannahs, steppes and forests and are very adaptable.

They live in troops of males and females that consist of between 20 and 50 members, but sometimes these troops can consist of over 100 baboons. The troop size is generally dictated by the food availability and environmental conditions.

By day they forage around on the ground but at night they sleep in the trees or up in the rocks to avoid predators.

Diet

Olive Baboons are omnivores and they feed on grass, seeds, leaves, cereals, fruit, tubers, small mammals, invertebrates and young birds.

Breeding

There is a lot of competition between the males to mate with the females who are receptive for mating one week per month. They have a gestation period of 180 days after which 1 infant will be born.

For 1 month the infant will stay in close contact with is mother. From 4 - 6 months old it will start to spend most of its time with other juveniles within the troop and it will be weaned when it reaches 14 months old.

When a male baboon reaches 4 years old it will leave the troop, but a female will stay with the troop it was born into.

Predators

The main predators of Olive Baboons are lions, leopards, african wild dogs, hyenas, chimpanzees and crocodiles.

Interesting Facts

The Olive Baboon is also know as the Anubis Baboon

Similar Animals

Hamadryas Baboon
Guinea Baboon
Yellow Baboon
Chacma Baboon